SATIVA Vs. HYBRID Vs. INDICA

SATIVA Vs. HYBRID Vs. INDICA - Understanding the differences between weed types

When exploring the realm of cannabis strains or making a selection at a dispensary, you'll likely notice that strains are often categorized into three groups: indica, sativa, and hybrid. These classifications have traditionally been used to predict the effects of cannabis, but in the world of modern science, they might not be the most accurate way to understand a strain's impact.

So, why does the cannabis community continue to use the terms indica, sativa, and hybrid when we now have a more precise method for determining strain effects based on cannabinoids and terpenes?

The primary reason is that the classification of strains as indica, sativa, or hybrid is deeply entrenched in the cannabis culture, even if it doesn't align with modern data and scientific understanding. These terms are essentially botanical descriptors, indicating the physical structure of the plant rather than the effects it produces.

Nonetheless, the ease of classifying strains as indicas, sativas, or hybrids remains a convenient shorthand for both consumers and budtenders. It simplifies the process of explaining how a particular strain might make you feel and aids in selling products.

Both classification models have their merits, and consumers at all levels can benefit from both. If you're seeking an accessible and straightforward way to choose a strain based on its effects, the indica/sativa/hybrid model might be suitable. However, as you become more familiar with cannabis, you might want to delve into the intricacies of chemical profiles, cannabinoids, and terpenes—a more refined approach.

Now, let's take a closer look at the differences between indicas and sativas and the value of both classification systems.

Indica vs. Sativa: Getting to the Basics

The common understanding is that indica strains induce physical relaxation, making them ideal for unwinding while watching a movie or as a nightcap before bedtime. Sativa strains, on the other hand, are thought to be energizing, with uplifting cerebral effects suited for physical activity, social interactions, and creative projects. Hybrid strains are believed to offer a mix of both indica and sativa effects.

However, the origins of the terms indica and sativa are grounded in botany, not effects. They describe the physical structure of the cannabis plant. Moreover, every individual's body chemistry varies, so a strain can affect each person differently.

Despite these nuances, the belief that indicas, sativas, and hybrids deliver distinct effects still prevails in mainstream cannabis culture. Many budtenders begin their recommendations by asking customers which of the three types they prefer, even though there's no scientific basis for this classification.

The Origin of Indica and Sativa

In 1753, Carl Linnaeus published "Species Plantarum," categorizing all cannabis plants under the single group "Cannabis sativa L.," with "Cannabis" as the genus, "sativa" as the species, and "L." indicating Linnaeus' system. "Sativa" is derived from the Latin "sativum," which means "cultivated."

In 1785, French biologist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck refined the classification by identifying two distinct species: "Cannabis sativa," a taller, more fibrous plant, and "Cannabis indica," a shorter, more psychoactive plant. The term "indica" means "from India," as it was believed to originate there.

These definitions primarily refer to the physical structure of the cannabis plant and are still used today.

Sativas and Indicas: Adaptation to Environments

Sativas typically thrived in warm, humid climates, which influenced their growth characteristics. They grew tall and lanky to dry out quickly and prevent excess humidity absorption. Their lengthy growth cycle accommodated the consistent warmth of their environments. Conversely, indicas were adapted to cold, northern climates. Their environment led to their short and dense growth, enabling them to mature before the cold, rainy seasons set in.

Hemp: An Additional Classification

It's worth noting that "hemp" refers to non-intoxicating cannabis varieties primarily used for fiber, seeds, CBD, and other novel cannabinoids. Legally, hemp is any cannabis plant containing less than 0.3% THC.

Indica, Sativa, and Hybrid vs. Cannabinoids and Terpenes

Cannabis is a complex plant with countless strains, each offering a unique chemical profile. This variety interacts differently with each person's body chemistry. While the indica/sativa/hybrid model is a basic, easy way to understand a strain's effects, it's not entirely precise.

Leafly, for example, uses the cannabinoid and terpene model, which relies on data from cannabis testing labs nationwide to create its strain database. This more complex method provides a more accurate representation of strain effects.

To make the choice between indicas and sativas, it's essential to consider your desired experience and effects. Additional factors that influence your cannabis experience include tolerance, dosage, body chemistry, set and setting, consumption method, medical history, and mood or desired effects.

In summary, while the terms indica and sativa are still widely used, they primarily describe the plant's structure rather than the effects it produces. The more precise approach involves considering the strain's chemical profile, which encompasses cannabinoids and terpenes. This model allows for a deeper understanding of how a specific strain will affect you, catering to your individual preferences and needs. It's a more accurate way to navigate the diverse world of cannabis and find the strains that align with your desired experience.